The Spanish Tragedy

The Spanish Tragedy

by Thomas Kyd

Hieronimo Character Analysis

Horatio’s father, Isabella’s husband, and the protagonist of The Spanish Tragedy. Hieronimo is the Knight Marshall of Spain—a sort of official judge—as well as a poet and playwright, who occasionally stages plays to entertain the King of Spain. When Horatio is killed in the garden by Lorenzo and Balthazar, Bel-Imperia yells for Hieronimo, who comes running into the garden in his pajamas to find his son dead and the murderers gone. Hieronimo swears he’ll seek revenge, but Isabella urges him to have patience. Revenge, she says, should be left to God and the law, and should not be taken into the hands of man. Later, Hieronimo finds a letter from Bel-Imperia written in blood, which claims that Horatio was killed by Lorenzo and Balthazar. Hesitant to accuse the prince of Portugal and the nephew of the King of Spain of murder, Hieronimo sets out to prove Lorenzo and Balthazar’s guilt. After Hieronimo sentences Pedringano to hang for the murder of Serberine, the hangman finds a letter to Lorenzo in Pedringano’s pocket that implicates Lorenzo and Balthazar in Horatio’s murder. Hieronimo tries to go to the king, but Lorenzo blocks him at every pass, and Hieronimo cannot get justice for Horatio. Still, Hieronimo is expected sit as a judge and dispense justice to others, which adds to his mounting insanity and desire for revenge. After Isabelle commits suicide in her immense grief, Hieronimo finally decides to seek his revenge, which he does in the play-within-a-play that he stages near the end of the final act. After the king asks Hieronimo to entertain them with a play, Hieronimo enlists the help of Bel-Imperia, and they convince Lorenzo and Balthazar to participate as well. During the play, after Bel-Imperia kills Balthazar and herself, Hieronimo kills Lorenzo and commits suicide after killing the Duke of Castile. The character of Hieronimo reflects the dangers of seeking revenge, which Kyd argues is best left to God and the law. Even though the law fails to get justice for Horatio, Hieronimo’s disastrous end suggests revenge simply isn’t worth it.

Hieronimo Quotes in The Spanish Tragedy

The The Spanish Tragedy quotes below are all either spoken by Hieronimo or refer to Hieronimo. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
).

Act 1, Scene 4 Quotes

Now, lordings, fall to; Spain is Portugal,
And Portugal is Spain, we both are friends,
Tribute is paid, and we enjoy our right,
But where is old Hieronimo, our marshal?
He promised us, in honour of our guest.
To grace our banquet with some pompous jest.

Related Characters: King of Spain (speaker), Hieronimo, Portuguese Ambassador
Page Number: 26
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 2, Scene 5 Quotes

See’st thou this handkercher besmeared with blood?
It shall not from me till I take revenge.
See’st thou those wounds that yet are bleeding fresh?
I’ll not entomb them till I have revenged.
Then will I joy amidst my discontent,
Till then my sorrow never shall be spent.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Horatio, Isabella
Related Symbols: Bel-Imperia’s Scarf
Page Number: 44-5
Explanation and Analysis:

The heavens are just, murder cannot be hid:
Time is the author both of truth and right,
And time will bring this treachery to light.

Related Characters: Isabella (speaker), Horatio, Hieronimo
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 45
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 2 Quotes

This sly enquiry of Hieronimo
For Bel-lmperia breeds suspicion,
And this suspicion bodes a further ill,
As for myself, I know my secret fault;
And so do they, but I have dealt for them.
They that for coin their souls endangered,
To save my life, for coin shall venture theirs:
And better it’s that base companions die,
Than by their life to hazard our good haps.
Nor shall they live, for me to fear their faith:
I’ll trust myself, myself shall be my friend,
For die they shall, slaves are ordained to no other end.

Related Characters: Lorenzo (speaker), Pedringano, Serberine, Hieronimo, Bel-Imperia, Horatio
Page Number: 57
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 6 Quotes

Thus must we toil in other men’s extremes,
That know not how to remedy our own;
And do them justice, when unjustly we, |
For all our wrongs, can compass no redress.
But shall I never live to see the day
That I may come, by justice of the heavens,
To know the cause that may my cares allay?
This toils my body, this consumeth age,
That only I to all men just must be,
And neither gods nor men be just to me.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Horatio
Page Number: 66
Explanation and Analysis:

Peace, impudent, for thou shalt find it so:
For blood with blood shall, while I sit as judge,
Be satisfied, and the law discharged.
And though myself cannot receive the like,
Yet will I see that others have their right.
Despatch, the fault’s approved and confessed,
And by our law he is condemned to die.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Serberine, Horatio, Pedringano, Lorenzo’s Page
Related Symbols: The Box 
Page Number: 67
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 13 Quotes

And art thou come, Horatio, from the depth,
To ask for justice in this upper earth?
To tell thy father thou art unrevenged,
To wring more tears from Isabella’s eyes,
Whose lights are dimmed with over-long laments?
Go back my son, complain to Aeacus,
For here’s no justice; gentle boy be gone,
For justice is exiled from the earth;
Hieronimo will bear thee company.
Thy mother cries on righteous Rhadamanth
For just revenge against the murderers.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), The Ghost of Andrea, Isabella, Bazulto, Horatio
Page Number: 93
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 14 Quotes

Welcome, Balthazar,
Welcome brave prince, the pledge of Castile’s peace;
And welcome Bel-lmperia. How now, girl?
Why com’st thou sadly to salute us thus?
Content thyself, for I am satisfied;
It is not now as when Andrea lived.
We have forgotten and forgiven that,
And thou art graced with a happier love.

Related Characters: Cyprian, Duke of Castile (speaker), Balthazar, Bel-Imperia, Hieronimo, Horatio, The Ghost of Andrea
Page Number: 99
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 4, Scene 4 Quotes

And you, my lord, whose reconciled son
Marched in a net, and thought himself unseen
And rated me for brainsick lunacy.
With “God amend that mad Hieronimo!”—
How can you brook our play’s catastrophe?
And here behold this bloody handkercher,
Which at Horatio’s death I weeping dipped
Within the river of his bleeding wounds:
It as propitious, see I have reserved,
And never hath it left my bloody heart,
Soliciting remembrance of my vow
With these, O these accursed murderers:
Which now performed, my heart is satisfied.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Lorenzo, King of Spain, Balthazar, Bel-Imperia, Horatio
Related Symbols: Bel-Imperia’s Scarf
Page Number: 120
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire The Spanish Tragedy LitChart as a printable PDF.
The Spanish Tragedy PDF

Hieronimo Character Timeline in The Spanish Tragedy

The timeline below shows where the character Hieronimo appears in The Spanish Tragedy. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Act 1, Scene 2
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
...King of Spain enters, along with his brother, the Duke of Castile; a general; and Hieronimo, the Knight Marshal of Spain. The general informs the king that they have been victorious... (full context)
Betrayal Theme Icon
The general tells the King of Spain, that Hieronimo’s son, Horatio, challenged Balthazar and easily knocked the prince from his horse. He took Balthazar... (full context)
Act 1, Scene 4
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
...well, and they all sit for the banquet. The King of Spain looks around for Hieronimo, who has promised to entertain them with a play. Suddenly, Hieronimo enters with several knights,... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 4
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...to scream and yell for Horatio’s life. She shouts “Murder!” and screams for Horatio’s father, Hieronimo. Lorenzo quiets Bel-Imperia and drags her away, leaving Horatio’s body behind. (full context)
Act 2, Scene 5
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters the garden in his pajamas. He knows he has heard a woman cry his... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo says that knowing the identity of Horatio’s murderers will ease his pain, for only revenge... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo and Isabella pick up Horatio’s dead body, and Hieronimo draws his sword, putting it to... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 2
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters, crying and mourning the unjust death of Horatio. Hieronimo again vows to find the... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Hieronimo can’t believe Bel-Imperia’s letter, and he wonders why Lorenzo and Balthazar would want to kill... (full context)
Betrayal Theme Icon
Lorenzo, suspicious of Hieronimo, tells Pedringano that Serberine must have told Hieronimo about Horatio’s murder. Pedringano insists that Serberine... (full context)
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...in the park. The messenger exits, and Lorenzo is left alone. He is suspicious of Hieronimo and his inquiry about Bel-Imperia’s whereabouts. Lorenzo must make sure that he is not identified... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 3
Betrayal Theme Icon
...walking so late at night. The watchmen tell Pedringano that they must take him before Hieronimo, the marshal, but Pedringano is not concerned. (full context)
Act 3, Scene 6
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters with a deputy. “Thus must we toil in other men’s extremes,” Hieronimo says, “That... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...direction of Lorenzo’s page sitting with the box and says the box contains his salvation. Hieronimo, claiming he has never seen a man so foolish, tells the hangman to hurry on... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 7
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters, lamenting the injustice of Horatio’s murder. He says again that he must seek revenge,... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 9
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...she has been taken from court and locked away by Lorenzo. She doesn’t know why Hieronimo has not yet avenged Horatio’s death. As Bel-Imperia cries to Andrea, one of Lorenzo’s servants... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 10
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...explains. Their father (the Duke of Castile) and the King of Spain wanted to see Hieronimo about some legal matters and had sent Lorenzo along first. When he arrived at Hieronimo’s,... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 11
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters, followed by two men from Portugal. They ask Hieronimo where they might find the... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Just up the path, Hieronimo tells the Portuguese men, is where the murderers have constructed the dwelling for their wretched... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 12
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters with a dagger and a rope. He has come to see the King of... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
...if the Viceroy of Portugal has received the king’s recent letters. “Justice, O, justice to Hieronimo,” Hieronimo interrupts. Lorenzo holds Hieronimo back, telling him the king is busy. The king asks... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...Ambassador tells the King of Spain that he has the ransom money due Horatio, and Hieronimo immediately speaks up at the mention of his son’s name. “Justice, O justice, justice, gentle... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Lorenzo tells the King of Spain that Hieronimo is “in a manner lunatic,” and the king is sorry to hear it. The king... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 13
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters with a book. “Vindicta mihi!” he cries. He knows revenge is heaven’s responsibility, but... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Two citizens come in fighting about a lease, and they hand Hieronimo their legal papers. Hieronimo asks who the quiet man behind them with the “mournful eyes”... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo launches into a soliloquy about his grief and sorrow. He must get revenge for Horatio,... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 14
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
...to him. He doesn’t want anything to jeopardize Bel-Imperia’s happiness or wedding—including Lorenzo’s misunderstanding with Hieronimo—and he urges Lorenzo to fix whatever disagreement he has with Hieronimo. (full context)
Act 3, Scene 15
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...wakes him. Revenge tells Andrea to leave him alone, but Andrea insists he wake up. Hieronimo is in league with Lorenzo, Andrea says, but Revenge assures him that he is not.... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 1 
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Bel-Imperia enters with Hieronimo and asks if this is how he shows his love for Horatio. Hieronimo is yet... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Balthazar and Lorenzo enter. They are looking for Hieronimo and need his help. Balthazar asks Hieronimo if he will entertain the Viceroy of Portugal... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Balthazar asks Hieronimo what happens to Soliman’s friend, and Hieronimo says he runs into the mountains and hangs... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo tells Balthazar, Lorenzo, and Bel-Imperia that they will each perform their parts in a different... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 3
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters, followed by the Duke of Castile. Hieronimo asks Castile if he will give a... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 4
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
The King of Spain cheers and declares the play well done. Suddenly, Hieronimo breaks character and addresses the audience in English. He says that the play is a... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
Hieronimo tells the audience that Bel-Imperia was not supposed to kill herself. This script does call... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
The Duke of Castile hands Hieronimo a pen and tells Hieronimo he doesn’t need a tongue to write a confession. Hieronimo... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 5
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
The Ghost of Andrea is pleased with the end of Hieronimo’s play. Horatio is dead, Andrea says to Revenge, as are Serberine and Pedringano. Isabella, is... (full context)