The Spanish Tragedy

The Spanish Tragedy

by Thomas Kyd
Hieronimo and Isabella’s son, Andrea’s friend, and Bel-Imperia’s lover. After Andrea is killed by Balthazar in battle during the war with Portugal, Horatio performs Andrea’s funeral rites and mourns the loss of his friend. He removes a scarf from Andrea’s body and vows to wear it in his honor. Horatio captures Balthazar in battle and takes him prisoner back to Spain, where Balthazar is held captive at the Duke of Castile’s estate. The King of Spain rewards Horatio for Balthazar’s capture and promises to give him the ransom money, but the king gives Balthazar’s horse and weapons to Lorenzo, who claims to have taken them in battle. Horatio soon falls in love with Bel-Imperia, and she loves him, too. Bel-Imperia considers it part of her revenge for Andrea’s death to love Horatio and anger Balthazar, who is also vying for her affection. One night, as Bel-Imperia and Horatio visit in the garden, they are betrayed by Bel-Imperia’s servant, Pedringano, who alerts Lorenzo and Balthazar to their secret meeting. Lorenzo and Balthazar, along with Pedringano and Serberine, sneak into the garden and hang Horatio from an arbour, stab him, and leave his dead body behind. Both Bel-Imperia and Hieronimo vow revenge, and their desire to make Balthazar and Lorenzo pay for Horatio’s murder drives the rest of the play. Hieronimo and Bel-Imperia finally get their revenge in the play-within-a-play during the last act, when they kill Lorenzo and Balthazar, but Hieronimo and Bel-Imperia are mentally destroyed in the process and both commit suicide. The character of Horatio represents love within the play, as he deeply loves and is loved by several characters, but he also underscores the pitfalls of revenge. Kyd ultimately argues that revenge is best left to God and the law and should not be sought by mortal man, and the disastrous end of Hieronimo and Bel-Imperia’s revenge on behalf of Horatio is evidence of this.

Horatio Quotes in The Spanish Tragedy

The The Spanish Tragedy quotes below are all either spoken by Horatio or refer to Horatio. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
).

Act 1, Scene 4 Quotes

I took him up, and wound him in mine arms,
And welding him unto my private tent,
There laid him down, and dewed him with my tears,
And sighed and sorrowed as became a friend.
But neither friendly sorrow, sighs nor tears
Could win pale Death from his usurped right.
Yet this I did, and less I could not do:
I saw him honoured with due funeral.
This scarf I plucked from off his lifeless arm,
And wear it in remembrance of my friend.

Related Characters: Horatio (speaker), The Ghost of Andrea, Bel-Imperia, Balthazar
Related Symbols: Bel-Imperia’s Scarf
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 22
Explanation and Analysis:

Ay, go Horatio, leave me here alone,
For solitude best fits my cheerless mood.
Yet what avails to wail Andrea’s death,
From whence Horatio proves my second love?
Had he not loved Andrea as he did,
He could not sit in Bel-Imperia’s thoughts.
But how can love find harbour in my breast,
Till I revenge the death of my beloved?
Yes, second love shall further my revenge.

Related Characters: Bel-Imperia (speaker), Balthazar, The Ghost of Andrea, Horatio
Page Number: 23
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 2, Scene 1 Quotes

Both well, and ill: it makes me glad and sad:
Glad, that I know the hinderer of my love,
Sad, that I fear she hates me whom I love,
Glad, that I know on whom to be revenged,
Sad, that she’ll fly me if I take revenge.
Yet must I take revenge or die myself,
For love resisted grows impatient.
I think Horatio be my destined plague:
First, in his hand he brandished a sword,
And with that sword he fiercely waged war,
And in that war he gave me dangerous wounds,
And by those wounds he forced me to yield,
And by my yielding I became his slave.

Related Characters: Balthazar (speaker), Horatio, Bel-Imperia, Lorenzo
Page Number: 33
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 2, Scene 4 Quotes

What, will you murder me?

Ay, thus, and thus; these are the fruits of love.

Related Characters: Lorenzo (speaker), Horatio (speaker), Balthazar, Pedringano, Serberine, Bel-Imperia
Page Number: 41
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 2, Scene 5 Quotes

See’st thou this handkercher besmeared with blood?
It shall not from me till I take revenge.
See’st thou those wounds that yet are bleeding fresh?
I’ll not entomb them till I have revenged.
Then will I joy amidst my discontent,
Till then my sorrow never shall be spent.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Horatio, Isabella
Related Symbols: Bel-Imperia’s Scarf
Page Number: 44-5
Explanation and Analysis:

The heavens are just, murder cannot be hid:
Time is the author both of truth and right,
And time will bring this treachery to light.

Related Characters: Isabella (speaker), Horatio, Hieronimo
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 45
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 2 Quotes

This sly enquiry of Hieronimo
For Bel-lmperia breeds suspicion,
And this suspicion bodes a further ill,
As for myself, I know my secret fault;
And so do they, but I have dealt for them.
They that for coin their souls endangered,
To save my life, for coin shall venture theirs:
And better it’s that base companions die,
Than by their life to hazard our good haps.
Nor shall they live, for me to fear their faith:
I’ll trust myself, myself shall be my friend,
For die they shall, slaves are ordained to no other end.

Related Characters: Lorenzo (speaker), Pedringano, Serberine, Hieronimo, Bel-Imperia, Horatio
Page Number: 57
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 6 Quotes

Thus must we toil in other men’s extremes,
That know not how to remedy our own;
And do them justice, when unjustly we, |
For all our wrongs, can compass no redress.
But shall I never live to see the day
That I may come, by justice of the heavens,
To know the cause that may my cares allay?
This toils my body, this consumeth age,
That only I to all men just must be,
And neither gods nor men be just to me.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Horatio
Page Number: 66
Explanation and Analysis:

Peace, impudent, for thou shalt find it so:
For blood with blood shall, while I sit as judge,
Be satisfied, and the law discharged.
And though myself cannot receive the like,
Yet will I see that others have their right.
Despatch, the fault’s approved and confessed,
And by our law he is condemned to die.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Serberine, Horatio, Pedringano, Lorenzo’s Page
Related Symbols: The Box 
Page Number: 67
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 13 Quotes

And art thou come, Horatio, from the depth,
To ask for justice in this upper earth?
To tell thy father thou art unrevenged,
To wring more tears from Isabella’s eyes,
Whose lights are dimmed with over-long laments?
Go back my son, complain to Aeacus,
For here’s no justice; gentle boy be gone,
For justice is exiled from the earth;
Hieronimo will bear thee company.
Thy mother cries on righteous Rhadamanth
For just revenge against the murderers.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), The Ghost of Andrea, Isabella, Bazulto, Horatio
Page Number: 93
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 3, Scene 14 Quotes

Welcome, Balthazar,
Welcome brave prince, the pledge of Castile’s peace;
And welcome Bel-lmperia. How now, girl?
Why com’st thou sadly to salute us thus?
Content thyself, for I am satisfied;
It is not now as when Andrea lived.
We have forgotten and forgiven that,
And thou art graced with a happier love.

Related Characters: Cyprian, Duke of Castile (speaker), Balthazar, Bel-Imperia, Hieronimo, Horatio, The Ghost of Andrea
Page Number: 99
Explanation and Analysis:

Act 4, Scene 4 Quotes

And you, my lord, whose reconciled son
Marched in a net, and thought himself unseen
And rated me for brainsick lunacy.
With “God amend that mad Hieronimo!”—
How can you brook our play’s catastrophe?
And here behold this bloody handkercher,
Which at Horatio’s death I weeping dipped
Within the river of his bleeding wounds:
It as propitious, see I have reserved,
And never hath it left my bloody heart,
Soliciting remembrance of my vow
With these, O these accursed murderers:
Which now performed, my heart is satisfied.

Related Characters: Hieronimo (speaker), Lorenzo, King of Spain, Balthazar, Bel-Imperia, Horatio
Related Symbols: Bel-Imperia’s Scarf
Page Number: 120
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire The Spanish Tragedy LitChart as a printable PDF.
The Spanish Tragedy PDF

Horatio Character Timeline in The Spanish Tragedy

The timeline below shows where the character Horatio appears in The Spanish Tragedy. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Act 1, Scene 1
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...because proper funeral rites had not been performed. Then, three days later, Andrea’s dear friend, Horatio, performed the funeral ritual, and Andrea was allowed to pass into the afterlife to sit... (full context)
Act 1, Scene 2
Betrayal Theme Icon
The general tells the King of Spain, that Hieronimo’s son, Horatio, challenged Balthazar and easily knocked the prince from his horse. He took Balthazar prisoner, and... (full context)
Betrayal Theme Icon
...and while he won’t be free, he will be kept in luxury. Both Lorenzo and Horatio are restraining Balthazar, so the king asks which one of them subdued the prince. Lorenzo... (full context)
Betrayal Theme Icon
The King of Spain asks Balthazar if he surrendered to Lorenzo or Horatio, and Balthazar claims to have surrendered to both. As such, the king says that both... (full context)
Act 1, Scene 4
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Bel-Imperia enters with Horatio. She says that she must know how Andrea died, and Horatio agrees to tell her,... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Bel-Imperia tells Horatio that she knows the scarf well. She gave it to Andrea before he left for... (full context)
Love and Madness Theme Icon
After Horatio exits, Bel-Imperia claims that Horatio is her “second love,” but she can’t fully giver herself... (full context)
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...of nothing but Bel-Imperia and her beauty. Bel-Imperia goes to leave, dropping her glove, and Horatio appears and picks it up. She gives it to him for his trouble, and Lorenzo... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Horatio says that the King of Spain is coming to feast at banquet with the Portuguese... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 1
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...loves Bel-Imperia. Lorenzo draws his sword, and Pedringano says that Bel-Imperia is in love with Horatio. Lorenzo doesn’t believe it, and Balthazar, speechless, is taken aback. Pedringano insists it is true.... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...pleased to know who his competition is. Now, Balthazar knows where to focus his revenge—on Horatio—and he vows to either win Bel-Imperia’s love or lose his life trying. Lorenzo tells Balthazar... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 2
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Horatio enters with Bel-Imperia, and Pedringano shows Lorenzo and Balthazar to a hiding place above, where... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 3
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
...responsible to pay Balthazar’s ransom. The ransom money, the king says, has been promised to Horatio. (full context)
Act 2, Scene 4
Betrayal Theme Icon
Horatio, Bel-Imperia, and Pedringano enter the garden, where Horatio and Bel-Imperia can visit while Pedringano guards... (full context)
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
Horatio and Bel-Imperia sit in the garden and speak of their love. Horatio kisses her, and... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 5
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...sight. Hieronimo cuts the man down and discovers with despair that it is his son, Horatio. Hieronimo cries over his son’s body, as his wife, Isabella, enters. (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo says that knowing the identity of Horatio’s murderers will ease his pain, for only revenge will heal his heart. He notices a... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo and Isabella pick up Horatio’s dead body, and Hieronimo draws his sword, putting it to his chest. He speaks in... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 6
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
...the death of Balthazar, but he has seen only the death of his dear friend, Horatio, and the abuse of Bel-Imperia. Revenge again encourages Andrea to have patience and assures him... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 2
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters, crying and mourning the unjust death of Horatio. Hieronimo again vows to find the murderers and exact revenge, and a letter suddenly falls... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
...can’t believe Bel-Imperia’s letter, and he wonders why Lorenzo and Balthazar would want to kill Horatio. Still, Hieronimo has vowed revenge, and he must find out if the letter is true.... (full context)
Betrayal Theme Icon
Lorenzo, suspicious of Hieronimo, tells Pedringano that Serberine must have told Hieronimo about Horatio’s murder. Pedringano insists that Serberine has been with him all day and could not have... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 7
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Hieronimo enters, lamenting the injustice of Horatio’s murder. He says again that he must seek revenge, and the hangman enters with a... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 8
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...that can cure her disease, Isabella says. She “runs lunatic” around the room, crying for Horatio, and exits.  (full context)
Act 3, Scene 9
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...court and locked away by Lorenzo. She doesn’t know why Hieronimo has not yet avenged Horatio’s death. As Bel-Imperia cries to Andrea, one of Lorenzo’s servants enters and tells Bel-Imperia to... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 10
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...Lorenzo along first. When he arrived at Hieronimo’s, Lorenzo found Bel-Imperia in the garden with Horatio. In light of Bel-Imperia’s “old disgrace” with Don Andrea, which was sure to be sustained... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 12
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...come to see the King of Spain and plead his case to get justice for Horatio’s murder. Hieronimo throws down the dagger and rope. If he stabs or hangs himself, there... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
The Portuguese Ambassador tells the King of Spain that he has the ransom money due Horatio, and Hieronimo immediately speaks up at the mention of his son’s name. “Justice, O justice,... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...is sorry to hear it. The king tells Lorenzo to give Hieronimo the gold. As Horatio’s father, it is surely his due, the king says. Lorenzo says that they should see... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 13
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...justice for his son’s murder. Hieronimo corrects Bazulto. It is his own son, Hieronimo says, Horatio, who has been murdered. He tells Bazulto to dry his eyes and offers him a... (full context)
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Hieronimo launches into a soliloquy about his grief and sorrow. He must get revenge for Horatio, he says, and he promises to torture Lorenzo and Balthazar for killing his son. He... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 15
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Betrayal Theme Icon
...Andrea says, but Revenge assures him that he is not. Hieronimo will not forget about Horatio, and Revenge has not forgotten either. (full context)
Act 4, Scene 1 
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
Bel-Imperia enters with Hieronimo and asks if this is how he shows his love for Horatio. Hieronimo is yet to avenge Horatio’s death, and Bel-Imperia can’t understand Hieronimo’s inaction. “Hieronimo, for... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 2
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Class, Gender, and Society Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...they murdered my beloved son,” she says and begins to cut down the arbour where Horatio’s body was found hanging. She curses the tree, so it will no longer bear fruit,... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 4
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
Love and Madness Theme Icon
...the grieving father of an unlucky son. The curtain raises, revealing the dead body of Horatio. Hieronimo says that Lorenzo and Balthazar killed Horatio simply because he loved Bel-Imperia. They all... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 5
Revenge and Justice  Theme Icon
The Ghost of Andrea is pleased with the end of Hieronimo’s play. Horatio is dead, Andrea says to Revenge, as are Serberine and Pedringano. Isabella, is dead too,... (full context)