Jazz

by

Toni Morrison

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on Jazz makes teaching easy.

Dorcas Character Analysis

Dorcas is Joe’s lover, Alice Manfred’s niece, and Felice’s best friend. After losing both her parents in the violence of the East St. Louis massacre, Dorcas becomes “bold,” breaking her aunt’s strict rules, going out to clubs, and chasing after young men. Though she is wounded by some early romantic rejection, Dorcas responds positively to Joe’s advances, and the two begin sleeping together in a room Joe rents from Malvonne. But Dorcas, frustrated by Joe’s doting nature, chases after the more negligent Acton, prompting Joe to track her down in a jealous haze. Dorcas’s youthful passion (she describes going to parties as being at “war”) clouds her judgment, and she does not seem to fully comprehend the severity of her injuries. As Dorcas dies, the only thing she can take solace in is the jazz music she loves so much. “Listen,” she thinks, losing consciousness, “I don’t know who is that woman singing but I know the words by heart.” Dorcas is viewed by both Felice and Violet as selfish, though Joe insists she was “softer” than either of those women give her credit for.

Dorcas Quotes in Jazz

The Jazz quotes below are all either spoken by Dorcas or refer to Dorcas. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Romantic Love Theme Icon
).
Chapter 1 Quotes

Sth, I know that woman. She used to live with a flock of birds on Lenox Avenue. Know her husband, too. He fell for an eighteen-year-old girl with one of those deep down, spooky loves that made him so sad and happy he shot her just to keep the feeling going. When the woman, her name is Violet, went to the funeral to see the girl and to cut her dead face they threw her to the floor and out of the church. She ran, then, through all that snow, and when she got back to her apartment she took the birds from their cages and set them out the windows to freeze or fly, including the parrot that said, “I love you.”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Joe Trace, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Birds
Page Number: 3
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 2 Quotes

So why is it on Thursday that the men look satisfied? Perhaps it’s the artificial rhythm of the week—perhaps there is something so phony about the seven-day cycle the body pays no attention to it, preferring triplets, duets, quartets, anything but a cycle of seven that has to be broken into human parts and the break comes on Thursday. Irresistible. The outrageous expectations and inflexible demands of the weekend are null on Thursday. People look forward to weekends for connections, revisions and separations even though many of these activities are accompanied by bruises and even a spot of blood, for excitement runs high on Friday or Saturday.

But for satisfaction pure and deep, for balance and pleasure and comfort, Thursday can’t be beat.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas
Page Number: 50
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 3 Quotes

The brothers turn up the wattage of their smiles. The right record is on the turntable now; [Dorcas] can hear its preparatory hiss as the needle slides through its first groove. The brothers smiles brilliantly; one leans a fraction of an inch toward the other and, never losing eye contact with Dorcas, whispers something. […] Then, just as the music, slow and smoky, loads up the air, his smile bright as ever, he wrinkles his nose and turns away.

Dorcas has been acknowledged, appraised and dismissed in the time it takes for a needle to find its opening groove. The stomach jump of possible love is nothing compared to the ice flows that block upper veins now. The body she inhabits is unworthy. […]

So by the time Joe Trace whispered to her through the crack of a closing door her life had become almost unbearable.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 67
Explanation and Analysis:

Everyone needs a pile of newspapers: to peel potatoes on, serve bathroom needs, wrap garbage. But not like Alice Manfred. She must have read them over and over else why would she keep them? And if she read anything in the newspaper twice she knew too little about too much. If you have secrets you want kept or want to figure out those other people have, a newspaper can turn your mind. The best thing to find out what’s going on is to watch how people maneuver themselves in the streets […]

But Alice Manfred wasn’t the kind to give herself reasons to be in the streets. […] If she had come out more often, sat on the stoop or gossiped in front of the beauty shop, she would have known more than what the paper said she might have known what was happening under her nose.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Alice Manfred, Dorcas
Page Number: 72
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 4 Quotes

All she saw, down in the cellar well beneath the stoop, was a light yellow feather with a tip of green. And she had never named him. Had called him my parrot all these years. “My parrot.” “Love you.” “Love you.” Did the dogs get him? Did some night-walking man snatch him up and take him to a house that did not feature mirrors or keep a supply of ginger cookies for him? Or did he get the message—that she said, “my parrot” and he said, “love you,” and she had never said it back or even taken the trouble to name him—and manage somehow to fly away.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Birds
Page Number: 93
Explanation and Analysis:

What did she see, young girl like that, barely out of high school, with unbraided hair, lip rouge for the first time and high-heeled shoes? And also what did he? A young me with high-yellow skin instead of black? A young me with long wave hair instead of short? Or a not me at all. A me he was loving in Virginia because that girl Dorcas wasn’t around there anywhere. Was that it? […] Is that what happened? Standing in the cane, he was trying to catch a girl he was yet to see, but his heart knew all about, and me, holding on to him but wishing he was the golden boy I never saw either. Which means from the very beginning I was a substitute and so was he.

Related Characters: Violet Trace (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas, True Belle, Golden Gray
Page Number: 97
Explanation and Analysis:

Who lay there asleep in that coffin? Who posed there awake in the photograph? The scheming bitch who had not considered Violet’s feelings one tiniest bit, who came into her life, took what she wanted and damn the consequences? Or Mama’s dumpling girl? Was she the woman who took the man, or the daughter who fled her womb? Washed away on a tide of soap, salt and castor oil. Terrified, perhaps, of so violent a home. Unaware that, had it failed, had she braved mammy-made poisons and mammy’s urgent fists, she could have had the best dressed hair in the city.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Joe Trace, Dorcas
Page Number: 109
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 5 Quotes

I tracked my mother in Virginia and it led me right to her, and I tracked Dorcas from borough to borough. I didn't even have to work at it. Didn't even have to think. Something else takes over when the track begins to talk to you, give out its signs so strong you hardly have to look […] If the trail speaks, no matter what’s in the way, you can find yourself in a crowded room aiming a bullet at her heart, never mind it’s the heart you can't live without […]

I wasn't looking for the trail. It was looking for me and when it started talking at first I couldn’t hear it. I was rambling, just rambling all through the city. I had the gun but it was not the gun—it was my hand I wanted to touch you with.

Related Characters: Joe Trace (speaker), The Narrator, Dorcas, The Woman/Wild, Henry Lestory/Hunter’s Hunter, Victory Williams
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 130
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 7 Quotes

Had she run away, escaped? Or had she been overtaken by smoke, fire, panic, helplessness? […] Immediately Joe fell to his hands and knees, whispering: “Is it you? Just say it. Say anything.” Someone near him was breathing. Turning around he examined the place he had just exited. Every movement and leaf shift seemed to be her. “Give me a sign, then you don’t have to say nothing. Let me see your hand. Just stick it out someplace and I’ll go; I promise. A sign.” He begged, pleaded for her hand until the light grew even smaller. “You my mother?” Yes. No. Both. Either. But not this nothing.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Joe Trace, Dorcas, The Woman/Wild
Page Number: 178
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 8 Quotes

They agree on everything above the waist and below: muscle, tendon, bone joint and marrow cooperate. And if the dancers hesitate, have a moment of doubt, the music will solve and dissolve any question.

Dorcas is happy. Happier than she has ever been any time. No white strands grow in her partner’s mustache. He is up and coming. Hawk-eyed, tireless and a little cruel. He has never given her a present or even thought about it. Sometimes he is where he says he will be; sometimes not. Other women want him—badly—and he has been selective. What they want and the prize it is his to give is his savvy self. What could a pair of silk stockings be compared to him? No contest. Dorcas is lucky. Knows it. And is as happy as she has ever been any time.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas, Acton
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 188
Explanation and Analysis:

I want to sleep, but it is clear now. So clear the dark bowl the pile of oranges. Just oranges. Bright. Listen. I don’t know who is that woman singing but I know the words by heart.

Related Characters: Dorcas (speaker), Joe Trace, Acton
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 193
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 9 Quotes

Somebody in the house across the alley put a record on and the music floated into us through the open window. Mr. Trace moved his head to the rhythm and his wife snapped her fingers in time. She did a little step in front of him and he smiled. By and by they were dancing. Funny, like old people do, and I laughed for real. Not because of how funny they looked. Something in it made me feel I shouldn’t be there. Shouldn't be looking at them doing that.

[…] When they finished and I asked for my sweater, Mrs. Trace said, ‘Come back anytime. I want to do your hair for you anyway. Free. Your ends need clipping.’

Mr. Trace sat down and stretched. ‘This place needs birds.’

Related Characters: Violet Trace (speaker), Joe Trace (speaker), Felice (speaker), The Narrator, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Birds, Records
Page Number: 214
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Jazz LitChart as a printable PDF.
Jazz PDF

Dorcas Quotes in Jazz

The Jazz quotes below are all either spoken by Dorcas or refer to Dorcas. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Romantic Love Theme Icon
).
Chapter 1 Quotes

Sth, I know that woman. She used to live with a flock of birds on Lenox Avenue. Know her husband, too. He fell for an eighteen-year-old girl with one of those deep down, spooky loves that made him so sad and happy he shot her just to keep the feeling going. When the woman, her name is Violet, went to the funeral to see the girl and to cut her dead face they threw her to the floor and out of the church. She ran, then, through all that snow, and when she got back to her apartment she took the birds from their cages and set them out the windows to freeze or fly, including the parrot that said, “I love you.”

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Joe Trace, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Birds
Page Number: 3
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 2 Quotes

So why is it on Thursday that the men look satisfied? Perhaps it’s the artificial rhythm of the week—perhaps there is something so phony about the seven-day cycle the body pays no attention to it, preferring triplets, duets, quartets, anything but a cycle of seven that has to be broken into human parts and the break comes on Thursday. Irresistible. The outrageous expectations and inflexible demands of the weekend are null on Thursday. People look forward to weekends for connections, revisions and separations even though many of these activities are accompanied by bruises and even a spot of blood, for excitement runs high on Friday or Saturday.

But for satisfaction pure and deep, for balance and pleasure and comfort, Thursday can’t be beat.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas
Page Number: 50
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 3 Quotes

The brothers turn up the wattage of their smiles. The right record is on the turntable now; [Dorcas] can hear its preparatory hiss as the needle slides through its first groove. The brothers smiles brilliantly; one leans a fraction of an inch toward the other and, never losing eye contact with Dorcas, whispers something. […] Then, just as the music, slow and smoky, loads up the air, his smile bright as ever, he wrinkles his nose and turns away.

Dorcas has been acknowledged, appraised and dismissed in the time it takes for a needle to find its opening groove. The stomach jump of possible love is nothing compared to the ice flows that block upper veins now. The body she inhabits is unworthy. […]

So by the time Joe Trace whispered to her through the crack of a closing door her life had become almost unbearable.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 67
Explanation and Analysis:

Everyone needs a pile of newspapers: to peel potatoes on, serve bathroom needs, wrap garbage. But not like Alice Manfred. She must have read them over and over else why would she keep them? And if she read anything in the newspaper twice she knew too little about too much. If you have secrets you want kept or want to figure out those other people have, a newspaper can turn your mind. The best thing to find out what’s going on is to watch how people maneuver themselves in the streets […]

But Alice Manfred wasn’t the kind to give herself reasons to be in the streets. […] If she had come out more often, sat on the stoop or gossiped in front of the beauty shop, she would have known more than what the paper said she might have known what was happening under her nose.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Alice Manfred, Dorcas
Page Number: 72
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 4 Quotes

All she saw, down in the cellar well beneath the stoop, was a light yellow feather with a tip of green. And she had never named him. Had called him my parrot all these years. “My parrot.” “Love you.” “Love you.” Did the dogs get him? Did some night-walking man snatch him up and take him to a house that did not feature mirrors or keep a supply of ginger cookies for him? Or did he get the message—that she said, “my parrot” and he said, “love you,” and she had never said it back or even taken the trouble to name him—and manage somehow to fly away.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Birds
Page Number: 93
Explanation and Analysis:

What did she see, young girl like that, barely out of high school, with unbraided hair, lip rouge for the first time and high-heeled shoes? And also what did he? A young me with high-yellow skin instead of black? A young me with long wave hair instead of short? Or a not me at all. A me he was loving in Virginia because that girl Dorcas wasn’t around there anywhere. Was that it? […] Is that what happened? Standing in the cane, he was trying to catch a girl he was yet to see, but his heart knew all about, and me, holding on to him but wishing he was the golden boy I never saw either. Which means from the very beginning I was a substitute and so was he.

Related Characters: Violet Trace (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas, True Belle, Golden Gray
Page Number: 97
Explanation and Analysis:

Who lay there asleep in that coffin? Who posed there awake in the photograph? The scheming bitch who had not considered Violet’s feelings one tiniest bit, who came into her life, took what she wanted and damn the consequences? Or Mama’s dumpling girl? Was she the woman who took the man, or the daughter who fled her womb? Washed away on a tide of soap, salt and castor oil. Terrified, perhaps, of so violent a home. Unaware that, had it failed, had she braved mammy-made poisons and mammy’s urgent fists, she could have had the best dressed hair in the city.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Joe Trace, Dorcas
Page Number: 109
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 5 Quotes

I tracked my mother in Virginia and it led me right to her, and I tracked Dorcas from borough to borough. I didn't even have to work at it. Didn't even have to think. Something else takes over when the track begins to talk to you, give out its signs so strong you hardly have to look […] If the trail speaks, no matter what’s in the way, you can find yourself in a crowded room aiming a bullet at her heart, never mind it’s the heart you can't live without […]

I wasn't looking for the trail. It was looking for me and when it started talking at first I couldn’t hear it. I was rambling, just rambling all through the city. I had the gun but it was not the gun—it was my hand I wanted to touch you with.

Related Characters: Joe Trace (speaker), The Narrator, Dorcas, The Woman/Wild, Henry Lestory/Hunter’s Hunter, Victory Williams
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 130
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 7 Quotes

Had she run away, escaped? Or had she been overtaken by smoke, fire, panic, helplessness? […] Immediately Joe fell to his hands and knees, whispering: “Is it you? Just say it. Say anything.” Someone near him was breathing. Turning around he examined the place he had just exited. Every movement and leaf shift seemed to be her. “Give me a sign, then you don’t have to say nothing. Let me see your hand. Just stick it out someplace and I’ll go; I promise. A sign.” He begged, pleaded for her hand until the light grew even smaller. “You my mother?” Yes. No. Both. Either. But not this nothing.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Violet Trace, Joe Trace, Dorcas, The Woman/Wild
Page Number: 178
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 8 Quotes

They agree on everything above the waist and below: muscle, tendon, bone joint and marrow cooperate. And if the dancers hesitate, have a moment of doubt, the music will solve and dissolve any question.

Dorcas is happy. Happier than she has ever been any time. No white strands grow in her partner’s mustache. He is up and coming. Hawk-eyed, tireless and a little cruel. He has never given her a present or even thought about it. Sometimes he is where he says he will be; sometimes not. Other women want him—badly—and he has been selective. What they want and the prize it is his to give is his savvy self. What could a pair of silk stockings be compared to him? No contest. Dorcas is lucky. Knows it. And is as happy as she has ever been any time.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Joe Trace, Dorcas, Acton
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 188
Explanation and Analysis:

I want to sleep, but it is clear now. So clear the dark bowl the pile of oranges. Just oranges. Bright. Listen. I don’t know who is that woman singing but I know the words by heart.

Related Characters: Dorcas (speaker), Joe Trace, Acton
Related Symbols: Records
Page Number: 193
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 9 Quotes

Somebody in the house across the alley put a record on and the music floated into us through the open window. Mr. Trace moved his head to the rhythm and his wife snapped her fingers in time. She did a little step in front of him and he smiled. By and by they were dancing. Funny, like old people do, and I laughed for real. Not because of how funny they looked. Something in it made me feel I shouldn’t be there. Shouldn't be looking at them doing that.

[…] When they finished and I asked for my sweater, Mrs. Trace said, ‘Come back anytime. I want to do your hair for you anyway. Free. Your ends need clipping.’

Mr. Trace sat down and stretched. ‘This place needs birds.’

Related Characters: Violet Trace (speaker), Joe Trace (speaker), Felice (speaker), The Narrator, Dorcas
Related Symbols: Birds, Records
Page Number: 214
Explanation and Analysis: