North and South

by Elizabeth Gaskell

North and South: Situational Irony 3 key examples

Situational Irony
Explanation and Analysis—A Woman's Work:

When the rioting crowd threatens Thornton at Marlborough Mills, Margaret instinctively throws herself in front of him and acts as Thornton's human shield. This climax of the novel contains multiple levels of situational irony.

Chapter 2
Explanation and Analysis—Butchers & Bakers:

Early in the novel, when the Hales are still living in Helstone, Margaret expresses a dislike of “shoppy people," or people who've made money in trade, while talking with her mother. To show her disdain, she alludes to a children's nursery rhyme:

I think we are far better off, knowing only cottagers and labourers, and people without pretence [...]. I’m sure you don’t want me to admire butchers and bakers, and candlestick-makers, do you, mamma?

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Chapter 30
Explanation and Analysis—Margaret as Priest:

After Margaret's mother dies, Margaret not only takes on the role of comforter and sustainer of the entire family, but essentially does so through the expected actions of a clergyman—her father's former role. Because Mr. Hale's former position as Church of England priest was such a major part of his identity, and his abandonment of the priesthood is the primary driver of the Hales' move to Milton, it's ironic when Margaret suddenly and unexpectedly assumes aspects of that role herself. She does this while her father whimpers and her brother weeps over Mrs. Hale's body, instinctively reciting scripture and ministering to the grieving family:

The night was wearing away, and the day was at hand, when, without a word of preparation, Margaret’s voice broke upon the stillness of the room, with a clearness of sound that startled even herself: ‘Let not your heart be troubled,’ it said; and she went steadily on through all that chapter of unspeakable consolation.

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