LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Scientific Discovery and Technological Innovation
Freedom vs. Constraint
Human Intelligence and its Limits
Exploration, Imperialism, and Conquest
Nature vs. Civilization
Summary
Analysis
Captain Nemo leads Arronax into a library. Nemo boasts of the profound tranquility that can be found in there, adding that it contains a total of 12,000 volumes. He encourages Arronax to look through them. Arronax notices that, although a wide range of subjects are covered, political economy is a notable absence. Nemo offers Arronax an exceptionally delicious cigar, explaining it is made of a nicotine-rich type of seaweed. They then enter a “museum” filled with an extraordinary selection of artworks. Famous artists from across history are all represented. Nemo explains that while still lived on land, he was an art collector; now, these pieces are “souvenirs of a world which is dead to [him].” He also has a collection of musical scores by significant composers.
Again, Nemo’s library and museum resemble the capsules of human culture that are sent to aliens in science fiction novels (and in reality—in 1977 the Voyager Spacecraft was launched, carrying two phonograph records filled with sounds and images of human culture). Of course, in this case Nemo does not appear to want to show any aliens these glimpses of human life, but rather hopes to preserve them for himself only.
Active
Themes
Arronax is then astonished by a collection of animal and plant specimens from the sea, including a gigantic case of pearls. Arronax imagines that Nemo must have paid huge amounts of money for the collection, but Nemo says that he acquired them himself. Nemo takes Arronax to the room where he’ll be staying, explaining that it adjoins Nemo’s own. Looking at Nemo’s room, Arronax notices that it is austere and minimal.
Nemo is evidently a rich man, yet chooses a simple and austere setup for himself. It seems as if his distrust of human society and its “stupid laws” extends to a rejection of material consumption.