The twistiness of history becomes especially evident here. On the one hand, a seeming villain like Emil Buckendorf is revealed to be kind and gentle through most of his life, to the point that his violence instills a deep and disturbing cognitive dissonance in his descendants. And on the other hand, Mooshum—one of the novel’s most charismatic, most incisive heroes—is also capable of great harm, as shown by his accidental betrayal of Cuthbert, Asiginak, and Holy Track.