LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Milkweed, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Identity and Relationships
War, Dehumanization, and Innocence
Ingenuity, Resilience, and Survival
Family
Summary
Analysis
Misha works in the barn and in the fields. The farmer’s wife, Elzbieta, feeds him with the pigs. He’s tied to the post every night. Elzbieta warns him that if he runs away, the Nazis will burn down their farm, so Misha befriends the donkey and the barn mice and keeps waiting. One day, a man stops by the farm and speaks to the farmer. The farmer shouts in the house. That night, Misha wakes up to hear Elzbieta saying, “Run!” The rope is gone, and there’s a loaf of bread tucked under his shirt.
It’s not clear what the farmer’s intentions ultimately are toward Misha, or what would have happened to him if he hadn’t escaped. Regardless, Elzbieta shows him mercy, helping him flee his already dehumanizing conditions at the last minute. In a touch of irony, she makes sure that Misha won’t have to steal his bread.
Active
Themes
Misha spent three years on the farm. By now, the war is over, and thousands of people are trudging along the train tracks. People sell things in open-air markets; Misha finds these hucksters fascinating. He works for farmers and steals when he can’t find work. He rides many trains, but he never finds Janina.
Misha joins crowds of displaced survivors who are struggling to make ends meet after the destruction of the war. Given the brutality of the concentration camps, it’s likely that the Milgroms died before the end of the war.
Active
Themes
One day, Misha winds up back in Warsaw. There’s lots of rubble, and the ghetto wall has been knocked down—in fact, the entire ghetto is rubble. Misha hears about the uprising that took place in the ghetto after he left. The uprising failed, and the remaining Jews in the ghetto were put onto trains, too. As Misha looks at what’s left of the ghetto, he finally understands what Uri saved him from.
In 1943, thousands of Jews remaining in the Warsaw ghetto succeeded in holding off the Nazis for several weeks before being defeated and deported. Seeing the destruction of the ghetto, Misha understands that Uri believed that by shooting him, he was sparing Misha from a worse fate—an act of love despite all appearances.
Active
Themes
Misha goes back to stealing food on the streets. One day, he gets a whiff of mint. To his amazement, the smell is coming from a bony, ragged man. Misha tugs on the man’s clothes, calling him “Fatman.” He pulls his old armband out of his pocket and tells Buffo to kill him, but Buffo silently shuffles away.
Though it’s unknown what happened to Buffo in the camps, he is clearly a shell of his former self and has lost any desire to victimize and torment people, suggesting that oppressors are ultimately robbed of their humanity, too.