House Made of Dawn

by

N. Scott Momaday

House Made of Dawn: 3. The Longhair, July 24 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Abel takes the job cutting wood for Angela St. John. When he comes to her house, she is prepared to negotiate his wages, but he shuts her off and states his price without bargaining. Watching Abel work brings Angela pleasure that seems to be erotic. She also recognizes and relates to the “useless agony” that Abel inflicts upon the wood he cuts.
Abel approaches business with a straightforwardness that Angela is not used to, which reflects their different backgrounds and worldviews. In the last chapter, Angela introduced herself as “Mrs. St. John,” emphasizing that she is married, yet she feels no guilt about her attraction to Abel. However, Angela’s empathy for the wood’s “useless agony” suggests she has other internal conflicts to work through.
Themes
Home, Belonging, and Identity Theme Icon
Connection vs. Isolation Theme Icon
When Angela is alone in the afternoon, she speaks to a child in her womb and searches the wind for bad omens. Abel comes inside to discuss the wood he’s cut, and he is amiable despite his reserved nature. When he tells Angela matter-of-factly that he will take his payment when he finishes cutting the wood over the weekend, she grows offended at his disinterest in money. She challenges him, but he stays silent, which irritates her further. She imagines provoking him into sex with obscene, racist language. She restrains herself, since she knows Abel would have no reaction. She takes some comfort in the power she holds over him as his employer.
Angela’s private anxiety about her pregnancy informs her desire for power and control in her relationship with Abel. He challenges her implicit privilege as a white person and his employer by refusing to shift his perspective on money to match hers—that is, he’s not going to let her rile him up.
Themes
Home, Belonging, and Identity Theme Icon
Abel leaves, and Angela reflects on her own body. She cannot see it as beautiful, perceiving it only as a disgusting collection of flesh and bones that feeds the “monstrous fetal form” inside her. She sometimes wishes to burn to death, so that her entire body will be destroyed. Angela goes outside and looks at the firewood, thinking of the violence that divided it. One of the nearby plateaus was once decimated by fire, and Angela imagines flames spreading across the “flesh” of the now-dead trees. She sets the firewood in the hearth, but the flames seem only to burn the wood’s outside, leaving the core intact.
While most of the novel’s Native American characters find peace connecting to the physical world, Angela is disgusted by it. This disgust is largely directed at her own body, as she grapples with what seems like an unwanted pregnancy, but her self-loathing also affects her view of the world around her. She sees violence in the act of chopping firewood and personifies the trees that burned in the way she longs to.
Themes
Nature Theme Icon
Quotes
Father Olguin visits the Benevides house and invites Angela to the town’s celebration of the feast of Santiago. She accepts, and though Father Olguin wants to linger and look at her, he departs. Angela thinks of a corn dance she saw at Cochiti. She was struck by the seriousness with which the dancers took their duty. She believes the dancers achieved spiritual freedom by seeing beyond the landscape and its colors, seeing instead “nothing in the absolute.” She envies this ability, and she believes Abel shares this perception of nothingness when he chops wood. However, he fails to see all the way to “the last reality,” so Angela is confident she can dominate him.
Though Father Olguin, a man of the church, is Angela’s primary contact in Walatowa, she sets out to explore the pueblo’s native religion. After witnessing the devotion of ceremonial dancers in Cochiti (another New Mexico pueblo), Angela has become convinced that the Pueblo religions allow people to see past the trappings of physical reality. As Angela considers Abel’s spirituality, she reaffirms her desire to control and sexually dominate him.
Themes
Nature Theme Icon
Religion, Ceremony, and Tradition Theme Icon
Get the entire House Made of Dawn LitChart as a printable PDF.
House Made of Dawn PDF