Foil

All the Light We Cannot See

by

Anthony Doerr

All the Light We Cannot See: Foil 1 key example

Foil
Explanation and Analysis—Opposites Collide:

Marie-Laure and Werner are apparent foils for one another, positioned as polar opposites by their respective cultures. Werner is an orphan; Marie-Laure has a loving father. Werner can see; Marie-Laure is blind. Werner is German and a soldier; Marie-Laure is French and sees her country invaded by Werner and his peers. Yet as the novel progresses towards the two characters' eventual meeting, they appear more similar than different, united by shared imagination, fate, and random chance.

Werner and Marie-Laure are, in effect, false foils: they give the appearance of dissimilarity, but their respective life stories and experiences align rather than separate them from one another. Werner begins the novel as an orphan and Marie-Laure does not, but by the end of the novel, wartime equalizes their circumstances and strips them both of their human support systems, leaving them to momentarily depend on one another for survival. Werner can see, but what he sees is uninspiring at best and traumatizing at worst, so he must look to "see" through radio waves, just as Marie-Laure uses her other senses and imagination to "see" for her. Werner is German and Marie-Laure is French, but this ends up not being an appreciable difference because in the end, both are human beings. This is enough, and should be enough, to connect them to one another.