The general mood of 2001: A Space Odyssey is one of awe and wonder, intended to evoke a reader's sense of curiosity and introspection about the world around them. The novel's characters—many of whom are astronauts, scientists, and explorers—often marvel at the vast universe they are able to explore, and their ability to explore and develop in the first place. From the earliest basic farming tools to human-like artificial intelligence computers, the narrator continuously marvels at the progress of the human race over time, focusing particularly on technology's ability to drive humans towards new and enchanting discovery.
However, the novel also contains a mood of anxiety and even dread, for the development of technology comes with inevitable consequences. There are various instances in 2001: A Space Odyssey when it may become clear to the reader that humanity is on a path towards destroying itself: for example, the rapid development of artificial intelligence proves to be dangerous for those onboard Discovery One, when the ship's computer gains its own conscience. Or, back on Earth, the human population remains vulnerable to the ever-present threat of nuclear war. The novel approaches these topics with an air of caution, signaling to the reader that scientific progress and technological achievement are awe-provoking, but also anxiety-inducing—for these developments can grow beyond their creators' control.